1) What is Yii?
Yii is an open-source, high-performance, component-based, and object-oriented PHP web application framework. Yii follows the MVC (Model-View-Controller) architectural pattern. This PHP framework is best for Web 2.0 development.
Yii enables maximum reusability in programming and significantly accelerates the process of web application development.
2) What are Yii Versions?
The Yii framework currently has two major versions, one is 1.1, and another one is 2.0. Version 1.0 is old, and version 2.0 is a complete rewrite of Yii 1.0
3) Why is Yii so fast?
Yii is so much faster because it is using the lazy loading technique extensively. For example, it does not include a class file until the class is used for the first time. And it does not create an object until the object is accessed for the first time. Other frameworks suffer from the performance hit because they enable functionality (e.g., DB connection, user session) no matter if it is used or not during a request.
4) What is Yii best for?
Yii is a generic Web programming framework that can be used for developing virtually any type of Web application. Because it is lightweight and equipped with sophisticated caching mechanisms, it is especially suited to high-traffic applications, such as portals, forums, content management systems (CMS), e-commerce systems, etc.
5) Why Use Yii 2.0 Framework?
The Yii 2.0 Framework helps to create modern web applications quickly and make sure they perform well. Yii 2.0 framework is:
Easy to Install
Utilizes Modern Technologies
Highly Extensible
Encourages Testing
Simplifies Security
Shorten Development Time
Easy to Tune for Better Performance
6) What are the main features of the Yii framework?
Yii framework has the following main features, such as:
Model-View-Controller (MVC) design pattern
Database Access Objects (DAO), Query Builder, Active Record, and DB Migration
Form input and validation
AJAX-enabled widgets
Yii provides a skinning and theming mechanism
Web Service available for Apps like android
Internationalization and localization translation for multilingual
Caching to speed up the application
Error handling and logging for tracking
It provides cross-site scripting (XSS), cross-site request forgery (CSRF) protection.
PHPUnit and Selenium for testing
Automatic code generation help us to fast development
Authentication and authorization
Friendly with third-party code
Extension library
7) What’s new in Yii version 2.0?
The following things are newly added in Yii version 2.0:
The Yii 2.0 framework supports PSR-4 class autoloading, simpler namespaces, faster loading, and improved usability for developers.
The Yii 2.0 framework added performance and security improvements.
The Yii 2.0 framework added RESTful API integration.
The Yii 2.0 framework added improvement on URL handling and processing.
Now Yii 2.0 framework, Translations of core messages available in 26 languages.
8) What are Components in Yii?
Components are an independent set of code written to perform a specific task in controllers. Yii applications are built upon components which are objects written to a specification.
A component is an instance of a CComponent or its derived class. Using a component mainly involves accessing its properties and raising/handling its events. The base class CComponent specifies how to define properties and events.
9) What are the core components of Yii?
Here are the following core components of Yii, such as:
db- database connection.
assetManager – manage the publishing of private asset files
authManager – manage role-based access control
cache- manage to cache functionality
clientScript- manage javascript and CSS
coreMessages- provides translated core messages
errorHandler- manage errors handling.
themeManager- Manage themes
urlManager- URL parsing and creation functionality
statePersister- a mechanism for persisting global state
session- Session management
securityManager- Security Management
10) What are the server requirements to install Yii?
Yii framework requires the following things, such as:
PHP 5.4 or above
mbstring extension
PCRE-support
11) How to install the Yii framework?
You can install Yii2 by running these commands via composer:
composer global require “fxp/composer-asset-plugin:^1.3.1”
composer create-project –prefer-dist yiisoft/yii2-app-basic basic
12) What is the directory structure of the Yii framework?
/
backend/
common/
components/
config/
params.php
params-local.php *
lib/
Pear/
yii/
Zend/
migrations/
models/
Comment.php
Extension.php
…
console/
commands/
SitemapCommand.php
…
config/
main.php
main-local.php *
params.php
params-local.php *
runtime/
yiic.php *
frontend/
components/
config/
main.php
main-local.php *
params.php
params-local.php *
controllers/
SiteController.php
lib/
models/
ContactForm.php
SearchForm.php
runtime/
views/
layouts/
site/
www/
assets/
css/
js/
index.php *
yiic
yiic.bat
13) What is Controller in the Yii framework?
Controllers are the glue that binds models, views, and other components together into a runnable application. Controllers are responsible for dealing directly with end-user requests. Therefore,
Controllers may access $_GET, $_POST, and other PHP variables representing user requests.
It may create model instances and manage their life cycles. Note that the actual implementation of saving a model should be located in the model instead of the controller.
It should avoid containing embedded SQL statements, which are better kept in models.
It should avoid containing any HTML or any other presentational markup, which is better kept in views.
14) What is Model in Yii?
Models represent the underlying data structure of a Web application. Models are often shared among different sub-applications of a Web application. For example, a LoginForm model may be used by both the front end and the back end of an application. A New model may be used by the console commands, Web APIs, and the front or back end of an application. Therefore,
Models should contain properties to represent specific data.
It should contain business logic (e.g., validation rules) to ensure the represented data fulfills the design requirement.
It may contain code for manipulating data.
15) What are Yii Helpers?
Helpers are static classes in Yii that simplify common coding tasks, such as string or array manipulations, HTML code generation, etc. In Yii, all helpers are kept under the yii\helpers namespace.
You use a helper class in Yii by directly calling one of its static methods, as the following:
use yii\helpers\Html;
echo Html::encode(‘Test > test’);
16) What are Views in Yii?
Views are responsible for presenting models in the format that end users desire. In general,
Views should mainly contain presentational code, such as HTML and simple PHP code to traverse, format, and render data.
It should avoid containing code that performs explicit DB queries. Such code is better placed in models.
This is the controller’s job. It should avoid direct access to $_GET, $_POST, or other similar variables representing the end-user request. The view should be focused on the display and layout of the data provided to it by the controller or model, but not attempting to access request variables or the database directly.
It may access properties and methods of controllers and models directly. However, It should be done only for presentation.
17) What is Formatter in Yii?
Formatter is a Yii application component that is used format view data in readable format for users. By default, the formatter is implemented by yii\i18n\Formatter, which provides a set of methods to format data as date/time, numbers, currencies, and other commonly used formats. You can use the formatter as the following,
$formatter = \Yii::$app->formatter;
// output: January 1, 2021
echo $formatter->asDate(‘2021-01-01’, ‘long’);
// output: 12.50%
echo $formatter->asPercent(0.125, 2);
// output: jtp@example.com
echo $formatter->asEmail(‘jtp@example.com’);
// output: Yes
echo $formatter->asBoolean(true);
// it also handles display of null values:
// output: (not set)
echo $formatter->asDate(null);
18) What is Active Record (AR) in Yii?
Active Record provides an object-oriented interface for accessing and manipulating data stored in databases. An Active Record class is associated with a database table, an Active Record instance corresponds to a row of that table, and an attribute of an Active Record instance represents the value of a particular column in that row.
Instead of writing raw SQL statements, you would access Active Record attributes and call Active Record methods to access and manipulate the data stored in database tables.
19) What is Gii in Yii2?
Gii is a web-based code-generator module provided by the Yii framework. It helps to create and generate fully customized forms, models, CRUD for databases, and more.
We can enable Gii by configuring it in the modules property of the application. Depending upon how we created our application. You may find the following code is already provided in the config/web.php configuration file:
$config = [ … ];
if (YII_ENV_DEV) {
$config[‘bootstrap’][] = ‘gii’;
$config[‘modules’][‘gii’] = [
‘class’ => ‘yii\gii\Module’,
];
}
20) What is the first file that loaded when you run an application using Yii?
index.php is the first file that loaded when we run an application using the Yii application. It will create a new object of new yii\web\Application and start the application.
require(DIR . ‘/../vendor/autoload.php’);
require(DIR . ‘/../vendor/yiisoft/yii2/Yii.php’);
// load application configuration
$config = require(DIR . ‘/../config/web.php’);
// instantiate and configure the application
(new yii\web\Application($config))->run();
21) What are the benefits of Yii over other frameworks?
Yii has the following benefits over other frameworks of PHP:
The Yii framework is a generic Web programming framework used for developing all kinds of Web applications quickly using PHP. It is also very suitable for developing large-scale applications.
The primary goal of the Yii or Yii 2.0 framework is – high performance.
The Yii framework is a full-stack framework and ready-to-use features for both the relational and NoSQL databases.
The Yii framework implements the MVC (Model-View-Controller) architectural pattern.
The Yii framework is extremely extensible.
The Yii framework contains the Larger Community, and it also purchased an unlimited license to the beautiful web-based rich text editor and Redactor.
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